Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths that develop in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. These tumors can be noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant), and can disrupt the normal functioning of the pituitary gland, leading to hormonal imbalances and various health issues. Pituitary tumors can cause a variety of symptoms depending on their size and type, such as headaches, vision problems, hormonal imbalances, and symptoms related to excess production of certain hormones. Treatment for pituitary tumors often involves a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and medication to control hormone levels and manage symptoms. Research in the field of pituitary tumors focuses on understanding the underlying causes of these tumors, developing new treatments, and improving outcomes for patients. This includes studying the genetics and molecular pathways involved in pituitary tumor development, exploring new targeted therapies, and evaluating the effectiveness of different treatment strategies.